MOTS-c vs SS-31: Which Peptide Wins for Mitochondrial Health?
MOTS-c scores 6.5–7.0/10 and SS-31 6.0–6.5/10, and neither one has a human trial behind the use you want. MOTS-c takes blood sugar and body composition. SS-31 takes the…
- MOTS-c
- SS-31
Best Interventions for Eye Health, Ranked by Evidence
Every intervention Outliyr has scored for eye health, ranked by its BioHarmony score for this use case rather than its overall rating. The number beside each name is how well that one thing works for eye health; the tier beside it is what it is worth once safety, cost and effort are counted across everything else.
24 of 89 evaluated interventions score 3.0+ out of 10 for eye health · 1 comparison
Ranked for Eye Health
Category
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Saffron
Piccardi et al. 2012 is the best anchor here because it reports open-label 14-month follow-up supporting sustained central retinal function changes in early AMD. Lashay et al. 2016 adds context, but the…
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Red Light Therapy
Boyer 2024 found multiwavelength photobiomodulation improved visual-acuity outcomes in dry age-related macular degeneration. Rassi 2024 also supports a modest RCT signal for AMD. This is not permission to shine bright panels into…
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Astaxanthin
Liu 2024 reports 11 RCTs; 346 healthy participants; significant improvements reported across fatigue, cognition, and exercise-efficiency endpoints overall; endpoint details are limited. Maleki-Hajiagha 2024 points in the same direction, but route, dose,…
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TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment)
The signal is conditional. Eye-vision has the best human signal because RGN-259 is full-length topical Tbeta4. Sosne 2015 found secondary endpoint improvements in dry eye, and Sosne 2023 showed a neurotrophic keratopathy…
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Taurine
Tzang 2024 reports 25 RCTs and 1024 participants; lower SBP, DBP, fasting blood glucose, and triglycerides; no significant adverse-effect excess. Tzang 2024 points in the same direction, but route, dose, baseline status,…
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Hyaluronic Acid
Yang 2021 pooled 19 RCTs (2,078 eyes) and found hyaluronic acid eye drops significantly improved tear production versus non-HA drops (Schirmer SMD +0.18; +0.27 versus saline) and helped tear-film stability. HA drops…
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Metformin
The evidence tier is low because the finding comes from an uncontrolled population analysis and lacks randomized trial confirmation. Any benefit to diabetic retinopathy appears to stem from Metformin's glucose-lowering effect rather…
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Glycine
Soh 2024 anchors the most relevant signal. Glycine fits eye vision because glycine participates in sleep signaling, glutathione, collagen, methylation, and nervous-system balance, depending on the endpoint. The score stays bounded because…
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Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4)
Eye and vision use is the only Tβ4 indication with a Phase 3 primary-endpoint win in humans. The SEER-1 Phase 3 trial in neurotrophic keratopathy hit on complete epithelial defect healing and…
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SS-31 (Elamipretide)
The evidence points to a plausible use case without proving a universal response. Ehlers JP et al. 2024 is the best anchor here because it reports 176 participants randomized and missed primary…
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Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
Vision is mixed for HBOT. Central retinal artery occlusion appears on some indication lists, but transient myopia and cataract concerns are common adverse-event issues. Zhang 2023 documents adverse-event rates including vision changes…
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Essential Amino Acids
No direct eye or vision evidence was verified for EAA supplementation. Score remains below neutral.
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Quercetin
Allergic eye symptom data come from EMIQ and phytosome trials. Yamada 2022 randomized 66 adults to 200 mg/day quercetin phytosome for 4 weeks, with improvements in eye itching, sneezing, nasal discharge, and…
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Ca-AKG (Calcium Alpha-Ketoglutarate)
No direct eye or vision evidence for Ca-AKG. Avoid borrowing from unrelated photobiomodulation or mitochondrial eye studies.
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Semaglutide
Eye score is limited by diabetic retinopathy worsening concerns and the Hathaway 2024 NAION association, even though causality remains unresolved.
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Rapamycin
INSUFFICIENT_EVIDENCE for human vision benefit outside disease-specific research, with no practical healthy-user signal.
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Whole-Body Vibration
Ocular injury risk at high magnitudes has been noted in the broader vibration literature. Therapeutic ranges are safer, but retinal risk remains a relative contraindication.
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Epitalon
Russian clinical and cell-literature interest in retinal tissues gives Epitalon a stronger eye-vision signal than most categories. Khavinson 2003 reported peptide effects on retinal and pigmented epithelial cell proliferative activity, but v1.0…
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Ergothioneine
Early preclinical work on ocular oxidative stress is interesting, but there is no human eye-outcome trial. Mechanistic and preliminary only.
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Tirzepatide
Tirzepatide improves glycemia, which can support diabetic eye risk over time. Rapid glucose improvement with incretin therapies can complicate retinopathy monitoring in some diabetes contexts. There is no tirzepatide eye vision enhancement…
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Zone 2 Cardio
Fitness and vascular health may support retinal health indirectly, especially through blood pressure and glucose control. Zone 2 is not a vision protocol and should not replace ophthalmology care for retinal disease.
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Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
Eye and vision support is mechanistic only here. Vitamin C is concentrated in the eye and is one of the antioxidants in the AREDS2 formulation studied for age-related macular degeneration, but in…
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Spermidine
Autophagy is relevant to retinal aging, but no verified human spermidine outcome trial supports an eye-specific claim.
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Semax
Russian clinical use includes optic-nerve indications, but accessible verified evidence remains limited and does not reach Western ophthalmology guideline strength.
Nothing matches those filters.
What each one costs
Monthly out-of-pocket cost at the most accessible legitimate channel, at the dose the score was given for. 9 of 24 are not priced yet; those cells are left blank rather than guessed.
| Intervention | Monthly cost | At dose | How you get it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Saffron | Not priced yet | ||
| Red Light Therapy | $17–$43 | 10-20 min at 6-12 inches, full chest/face/back rotation | Over the counter |
| Astaxanthin | Not priced yet | ||
| TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment) | Not priced yet | ||
| Taurine | $3–$10 | 1-3 g, 30-60 minutes before sleep | Over the counter |
| Hyaluronic Acid | Not priced yet | ||
| Metformin | $4–$30 | 500 mg with dinner for 1 week, then 500 mg twice daily for 1 week, then increase by 500 mg/week toward 1000 mg twice daily as tolerated | Prescription |
| Glycine | $2–$3 | 3 g oral glycine | Over the counter |
| Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4) | Not priced yet | ||
| SS-31 (Elamipretide) | $200–$500 | 5-10 mg/day subcutaneous | Grey market |
| Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy | $3,000–$6,000 | 2.0 ATA for 90 minutes with air breaks | In clinic |
| Essential Amino Acids | Not priced yet | ||
| Quercetin | $20–$50 | 200 mg/day | Over the counter |
| Ca-AKG (Calcium Alpha-Ketoglutarate) | $15–$30 | 1 g/day generic Ca-AKG oral | Over the counter |
| Semaglutide | $199–$349 | 0.25 mg weeks 1 to 4, 0.5 mg weeks 5 to 8, 1.0 mg weeks 9 to 12, 1.7 mg weeks 13 to 16, 2.4 mg week 17 onward | Prescription |
| Rapamycin | $15–$50 | 3 mg | Prescription |
| Whole-Body Vibration | $50–$100 | 30 Hz, roughly 0.3g, 10-20 min standing | Over the counter |
| Epitalon | $95–$1,100 | 5-10 mg/day subcutaneous | Grey market |
| Ergothioneine | Not priced yet | ||
| Tirzepatide | $299–$449 | 2.5 to 5 to 7.5 to 10 to 12.5 to 15 mg | Prescription |
| Zone 2 Cardio | Not priced yet | Over the counter | |
| Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) | Not priced yet | ||
| Spermidine | $40–$90 | 1-3 mg/day oral WGE | Over the counter |
| Semax | $12–$60 | 300-600 mcg/day of 0.1% spray | Grey market |
Comparisons that judge eye health
Head-to-head reports and category rankings that name a winner on this use case.
Questions about eye health
What scores highest for eye health?
Saffron, at 7.0–7.5 out of 10 for eye health. Piccardi et al.
What is the cheapest thing that works for eye health?
Of the top-scoring options, Glycine is the least expensive at about $2 a month, scoring 5.0–5.5 out of 10 for eye health.
How many interventions has Outliyr scored for eye health?
24 of the 89 interventions evaluated for eye health score 3.0 out of 10 or better, which is the cut-off for appearing on this page.
